نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
دانشگاه رازی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: With the development and exploitation of new water resources, especially in the agricultural sector in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran, the use of wastewater can be considered as water resources. By using these resources, not only part of the agricultural water shortage is compensated, but also the effects of improper discharge of effluents and its damages to agricultural resources and the environment are prevented. Wheat is one of the most important crops that is very important in terms of level and nutritional value, so over the past few decades, many measures have been taken to increase its yield. Among these measures, we can mention the use of organic fertilizers such as sewage sludge, which in addition to increasing yield, it is important to study the environmental and health issues related to the use of these fertilizers, as well as the absorption of heavy elements.
Materials and methods: In order to evaluate the effect of Ravansar industrial town effluent on yield and accumulation of heavy metals in wheat grain (Pishgam cultivar), in the 2016-17 crop year on a farm in Kermanshah province, Ravansar city, a research project as split plot was performed in three replications. Experimental factors included 1. Irrigation water as the main factor (at three levels: a) Irrigation with industrial town effluent b) Irrigation with the channel of Ravansar c) Irrigation with well water) 2. Irrigation times as a secondary factor (including 1- One irrigation time, 2- two irrigation times, and 3- three irrigation times).
Results: The results of the present study showed that the application of industrial town effluent and water of Qarsoo Ravansar canal had significant values of micronutrients for wheat growth. The application of the mentioned effluent showed that the effluent increased the concentration of iron (43 mg kg-1), zinc (41.77 mg kg-1) and copper (7.53 mg kg-1) in the wheat seed. Comparison of heavy metal concentrations in plant samples showed that the concentrations of lead (1.01 mg kg-1) and cadmium (1.21 mg kg-1) evaluated in the present study are high in effluent-treated samples. In well water treatments, the concentration of heavy metals was less than the allowable limit, but in canal and effluent water treatments, the concentration was very high and beyond the allowable limit of heavy metals. But it is not in the toxic concentration range of these elements.
Conclusion: Effluent increased the concentration of iron, zinc, and copper in plant seeds compared to control. All of these elements are the nutrients required for the filling of grains such as wheat. The results showed that the application of wastewater had a positive role in the filling of wheat grains, and by releasing nutrients during the growth period of Pishgam variety wheat, it increased grain yield. Overall, although the concentration of heavy elements evaluated in the present study is high in the sample treated with wastewater, it was lower than the toxicity level defined in wheat grain.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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