نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: Oats (Avena sativa L.), as one of the multi-purpose crops with high nutritional value, are used for both grain production and as fodder. Oat grain yield is strongly affected by biotic and abiotic factors. These factors can lead to a decrease in yield stability and complexity in predicting genetic results. Therefore, identifying superior and stable genotypes across different environments is crucial. This research aims to evaluate the yield and stability of oat genotypes under various climatic conditions to identify and introduce genotypes with high yield and optimal stability.
Materials and methods: In this research, 21 oat genotypes were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications across 16 environments (combination of year and place) under different conditions, including full irrigation, post-anthesis drought stress, and rainfed conditions during the years 2009-2015. Stability analysis was conducted using univariate parametric methods, Lin and Binn’s superiority index (Pi), Romer’s environmental variance (S2i), Francis and Kannenberg’s coefficient of variation (CVi), Wricke’s ecovalence (W2i), Shukla’s stability variance (σ2i), Plaisted and Peterson's statistic (θ_i), geometric adaptability index (GAI), Pinthus's coefficient of determination (R2i), Finlay and Wilkinson’s linear regression coefficient (bi), Eberhart and Russell’s variance deviation from the linear regression (S2di), and Perkins and Jinks's regression coefficient (ßi). Non-parametric methods such as Kang’s rank-sum method (RSM), Nassar and Huehn’s and Huehn’s stability statistics, Thennarasu’s stability statistics, and Fox’s superiority index were also applied. In parametric analyses, 13 environments were selected due to non-homogeneity of error variances, while all 16 environments were included in the non-parametric methods.
Results: Based on parametric indices, genotypes 19, 7, 21, 15, 4, and 6 with the lowest Pi values, and genotypes 1, 6, 20, 14, and 3 with the lowest W2i, σ2i, and θ_i values were identified as the most stable genotypes. Furthermore, genotypes 2, 11, 5, and 3, with the lowest S2i values, and genotypes 5, 2, 6, 3, 12, 13, 9, and 21, with the lowest CVi values, were more stable than the other genotypes. The highest GAI values were observed in genotypes 19, 7, 21, 5, 17, and 4, which were identified as stable genotypes. Genotypes 2 and 15, with the highest R2i values and above-average yield, exhibited greater stability. Additionally, genotypes 1, 6, 8, 17, 20, and 21 were recognized as the most stable genotypes due to their bi values being close to one. Genotypes 1, 6, and 20 were noted for having bi value close to one and lower S2di values. Furthermore, genotypes 6 and 20 exhibited the lowest ßi and S2di values. Based on the non-parametric RSM statistics, genotypes 7, 19, and 21 were introduced as the most stable genotypes. Utilizing the Nassar and Huehn’s indices S_i^((1)), genotype 6, S_i^((2)) genotypes 6 and 15, S_i^((3)), genotypes 1, 6, and 18, S_i^((6)), genotypes 1, 6, 18, and 20 were also identified as stable genotypes. In the evaluation of Thennarasu’s statistics NP_i^((1)), genotypes 1, 6, 18, and 20 , NP_i^((2)), genotypes 1, 2, 11, 14, 18, and 20, NP_i^((3)), genotypes 1, 2, 8, 9, 11, 14, 18, and 20, and NP_i^((4)), genotypes 1, 2, 11, 14, 18, and 20 were introduced as the most stable. Additionally, based on the TOP index, genotypes 4, 7, 15, 19, and 21 were identified as the most stable with favorable yields. According to the MID index, genotypes 1 and 6 were identified as the most stable with average yields.
Conclusion: Based on the results of most parametric and non-parametric indices, genotype 6 (GA Mitchell) was identified as the most suitable and stable genotype, exhibiting a grain yield higher than the mean. Therefore, this genotype can be utilized as a valuable genetic resource in future breeding programs.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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