نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 ----
2 گروه کمهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه رازی
3 استادیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: The tissue culture technique and in vitro propagation have many advantages and potentials compared to the classical methods of vegetative propagation of plants, the most important of which is the propagation of uniform and pathogen-free plants in a short time and on a very large scale. Choosing an explant at the optimal growth stage plays a key role in the success of tissue culture in vitro. Effective propagation of plants by tissue culture can help to clone desirable genotypes and be used for commercial propagation of genotypes in the short term. callus production through mature embryo culture allows many plants to regenerate effectively in tissue culture conditions. Selection based on an agronomic trait can be used as a suitable method to predict tissue culture results, which is costly and time-consuming.
Material and methods: In order to evaluate agricultural traits, 20 durum wheat genotypes, including 19 advanced lines and the Zardak variety, were cultivated for two years based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The response to the adult embryo culture of 20 durum wheat genotypes was made in the callus induction stage in a completely randomized design with seven replicates and ten mature embryo samples in each replicate.
Results: The results of Path analysis showed that the traits of peduncle length, number of seeds per spike, and number of spikes per plant had the most direct and positive effect, height and peduncle length had the most negative direct effect, and spike length had the least direct effect on callus induction percentage. Also, the traits of peduncle length on height and spike density showed the most positive direct effect, peduncle length, and seed yield had the most direct and negative effect, and the number of spikes per plant showed the least direct effect on the relative speed of callus growth. According to the results of canonical analysis, the plants with more seeds per spike have higher callus induction percentages and relative callus growth rates. Nevertheless, Mantel test results showed no significant correlation between similarity matrices obtained from tissue culture and agricultural data.
Conclusion: Based on the results of Path analysis, the number of seeds per spike showed the most direct effect on tissue culture traits. According to the results of canonical analysis, the plants with more seeds per spike have higher callus induction percentages and relative callus growth rates. These results indicate the genetic control and the possibility of direct screening of cultivars with appropriate tissue culture traits through these agricultural traits that are easy and quick to select.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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