نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی
2 موسسه تحقیقات تهیه و نهال و بذر
3 دانشجوی اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه ایلام، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is recognized as a rich and diverse source of human nutrition with high nutritional value. Given the importance of this plant, evaluating the phytochemical diversity and oil content in different cultivars and genotypes is essential for gaining a better understanding of the nutritional and health characteristics of this crop.
Materials and Methods: To this end, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design on commercial cultivars (Atlas, Giza 1, Red Carina) and various quinoa ecotypes (Q4, Q29, Q2, Q12, Q3, Q1) with three replications at the Plant Physiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, during the years 1403-1404 (Islamic calendar). The traits evaluated included oil percentage, total soluble sugar content, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and SDS-PAGE analysis.
Findings and Conclusion: The analysis of variance of the quinoa genotypes for the traits studied showed a highly significant difference at the 1% probability level among the different quinoa cultivars and ecotypes. Additionally, the comparison of mean traits indicated that the Q4 ecotype had the highest total soluble sugar content (404.773 mg/L) and the highest total flavonoid content (0.825 µg/L). Heatmap analysis divided the cultivars and ecotypes into two distinct groups. The first group, including (Q1, Giza, Red Carina, Q12), had the lowest values for total soluble sugar content, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content, while the second group, including (Q4, Q29, Atlas, Q2), had the highest values for these traits. Correlation analysis between the traits also showed a positive and highly significant correlation between total soluble sugar content and total phenol content (**0.60) and between total phenol content and total flavonoid content (**0.60). Principal component analysis indicated that the first two components accounted for 79.3% of the variation and diversity observed, suggesting that a major portion of the diversity seen in quinoa cultivars and ecotypes is controlled by these two components. Based on this, it was determined that total soluble sugar content, total phenol content, and total flavonoid content were of greater importance in this study. The SDS-PAGE results of seed storage proteins in quinoa genotypes also showed that the protein profile of the seeds from the six ecotypes and three commercial cultivars exhibited seven distinct protein bands in the molecular weight range of 20 to 70 KDa. A single protein band with a molecular weight of approximately 40 KDa, which constituted about 11% of the bands, can potentially be used as a stable genetic marker in quinoa.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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